Buy Large Kitchen Appliances
Create the kitchen of your dreams at Gain City's large kitchen appliances store in Singapore. From refrigerators and dishwashers to ovens and kitchen hobs, we offer everything you need to bring functionality and style to your culinary space.
Elevate your kitchen and make everyday meals a joy to prepare today.
- DE DIETRICH GAS HOB-2 BURNER DPG7341BS
DPG7341BS
30CM, GLASSS$1,340.00Out of stock - DE DIETRICH MULTIFUNCTION OVEN DOC7360X
DOC7360X
60CM, 73L, CATALYTIC, PLATINUMS$3,070.00Out of stock - DE DIETRICH PYROLYTIC OVEN DOP7785A
DOP7785A
60CM, 73L, BLACKS$9,090.00Out of stock - DE DIETRICH PYROLYTIC OVEN DOP7785X
DOP7785X
60CM, 73L, PLATINUMS$8,900.00Out of stock - DE DIETRICH PYROLYTIC OVEN DOP7574W
DOP7574W
60CM, 73L, PURE WHITES$6,900.00Out of stock - DE DIETRICH PYROLYTIC OVEN DOP7574G
DOP7574G
60CM, 73L, IRON GREYS$6,900.00Out of stock - DE DIETRICH PYROLYTIC OVEN DOP7574X
DOP7574X
60CM, 73L, PLATINUMS$6,800.00Out of stock - ELBA GAS HOB-4 BURNER EHS948D1S-LPG
EHS948D1S-LPG
90CM, SS, + HOTPLATEProduct Description
The Elba Gas Hob-4 Burner EHS948D1S-LPG is a versatile and efficient cooking solution for your kitchen. Featuring four powerful gas burners and an additional hotplate, it offers flexibility for various cooking styles. The stainless steel design ensures durability, while the electric ignition and flame failure devices provide safety and convenience. Perfect for both everyday cooking and special culinary creations.
Key Features
Powerful Cooking: Features 4 gas burners including a triple ring burner for high heat cooking, perfect for diverse culinary needs.
Additional Hotplate: Includes a 1000W hotplate, providing extra cooking flexibility and convenience.
Electric Ignition: Easy and safe ignition with electric start, eliminating the need for matches or lighters.
Flame Failure Safety: Equipped with flame failure devices to ensure safety by automatically cutting off gas supply if the flame extinguishes.
Durable Design: Made from stainless steel with enamelled pan supports and wok stand for long-lasting use and easy cleaning.
Compact Dimensions: Designed to fit seamlessly into your kitchen with a built-in size of W840 x D480mm.
Specifications:
Dimensions:
Width: 860 mm
Depth: 500 mm
Height: 30 mm
Burners:
Number of Burners: 4
Burner Type: Sealed
Material: Stainless Steel
Burner Size: Triple ring burner - 3.50kW, Semi rapid burners - 1.75kW, Auxiliary burner - 1.00kW
Ignition Type: Electric
Features:
Pan Support: Enamelled
Flame Failure Safety Device: Yes
Power:
Gas Type: LPG
Total Heat Output: 8kW
Warranty:
Warranty Period: 1 Year
Ideal For
This product is ideal for individuals or families looking for a reliable and efficient gas hob for their kitchen. It is suitable for those who prefer cooking with gas and need multiple burners for versatile cooking options.
In the Box
4 Gas burners
1 Hotplate
Enamelled pan supports
Enamelled wok stand
S$659.00 U.P. S$719.00Out of stock - ELBA GAS HOB-4 BURNER EHS948D1S-PUB
EHS948D1S-PUB
90CM, SS, + HOTPLATEProduct Description
The Elba Gas Hob-4 Burner EHS948D1S-PUB is a sleek and modern built-in gas hob designed for home cooks and kitchen enthusiasts. It features four gas burners and an additional hotplate, providing maximum heating efficiency. The hob is made of stainless steel, ensuring durability and a stylish look. Key features include electric ignition, flame failure devices, and enamelled pan supports, making it a reliable and safe choice for any kitchen.
Key Features
4 Gas Burners + 1 Hotplate: Includes a triple ring burner (3.50kW), two semi-rapid burners (1.75kW each), and an auxiliary burner (1.00kW) for versatile cooking options.
Electric Ignition: Provides easy and quick ignition for all burners, enhancing convenience and safety.
Flame Failure Devices: Equipped with safety devices to automatically cut off gas supply if the flame is extinguished, ensuring safety.
Enamelled Pan Supports: Durable and easy-to-clean supports that provide stability for pots and pans during cooking.
Stainless Steel Cooktop: Offers a sleek, modern design that is easy to clean and maintain, adding a stylish touch to any kitchen.
Total Gas Input: 8kW total gas input for efficient and powerful cooking performance.
Specifications:
Dimensions:
Width: 860 mm
Depth: 500 mm
Height: 30 mm
Burners:
Number of Burners: 4
Burner Type: Sealed
Material: Stainless Steel
Ignition Type: Automatic
Features:
Control Knobs: Rotary
Flame Failure Safety Device: Yes
Electric ignition
Enamelled pan supports
Enamelled wok stand
Materials:
Cooktop Material: Stainless Steel
Power:
Gas Type: LPG, PUB
Total gas input: 8 kW
Voltage: 220-240V 50/60Hz
Warranty:
Warranty Period: 1 Year
Ideal For
Home cooks and kitchen enthusiasts looking for a reliable gas hob.
In the Box
1x ELBA EHS 948 D1 S Built-in Gas Hob
S$659.00 U.P. S$719.00Out of stock - DE DIETRICH MULTIFUNCTION OVEN DOE7340X
DOE7340X
60CM, 73L, ENAMEL, PLATINUMS$2,560.00Out of stock - ELBA GAS HOB-4 BURNER ELIO65445D1-LPG
ELIO65445D1-LPG
60CM, SSProduct Description
The Elba Gas Hob-4 Burner Elio65445d1-LPG is a high-performance kitchen appliance featuring four burners for versatile cooking. Perfect for home chefs seeking efficiency and reliability.
Key Features
Four Gas Burners: Includes a triple ring burner, two semi-rapid burners, and an auxiliary burner, providing versatile cooking options.
Electric Ignition: Offers easy and quick ignition for all burners, enhancing convenience and safety.
Flame Failure Devices: Ensures safety by automatically cutting off the gas supply if the flame is extinguished.
Cast Iron Pan Supports: Durable and sturdy supports for pots and pans, ensuring stability during cooking.
Stainless Steel Design: Sleek and modern design that complements any kitchen decor.
Made in Italy: High-quality craftsmanship and materials, ensuring reliability and longevity.
Specifications:
Dimensions:
Width: 600 mm
Depth: 510 mm
Height: 49 mm
Burners:
Number of Burners: 4
Burner Type: Sealed
Material: Cast Iron
Burner Size: Triple ring burner - 3.65kW, Semi-rapid burner - 1.75kW, Auxiliary burner - 1.00kW
Ignition Type: Electric
Features:
Pan Support: Cast Iron
Flame Failure Safety Device: Yes
Control Knobs: Easy to reach front controls
Performance:
Total Heat Output: 8 kW
Materials:
Cooktop Material: Stainless Steel
Power:
Gas Type: LPG
Warranty:
Warranty Period: 1 Year
Ideal For
Home kitchens
S$589.00 U.P. S$649.00Out of stock - ELBA GAS HOB-4 BURNER ELIO65445D1-PUB
ELIO65445D1-PUB
60CM, SSProduct Description
The Elba gas hob with 4 burners offers efficient cooking with a sleek and modern design. Perfect for families or individuals who love to cook multiple dishes at once.
Key Features
4 Gas Burners: Includes 1 triple ring burner (3.65kW), 2 semi-rapid burners (1.75kW each), and 1 auxiliary burner (1.00kW) for versatile cooking.
Electric Ignition: Provides easy and safe ignition for all burners, enhancing user convenience.
Flame Failure Devices: Ensures safety by automatically cutting off the gas supply if the flame is extinguished.
Cast Iron Supports: Durable cast iron pan supports and wok stand for stability and longevity.
Modern Design: Sleek stainless steel finish complements any kitchen decor.
Made in Italy: High-quality craftsmanship and design from Italy.
Specifications:
Dimensions:
Width: 600 mm
Depth: 510 mm
Height: 49 mm
Burners:
Number of Burners: 4
Burner Type: Sealed
Material: Stainless Steel
Burner Size: Triple ring burner - 3.65kW, Semi-rapid burner - 1.75kW, Auxiliary burner - 1.00kW
Ignition Type: Electric
Features:
Pan Support: Cast Iron
Flame Failure Safety Device: Yes
Performance:
Total Heat Output: 8 kW
Materials:
Cooktop Material: Stainless Steel
Power:
Gas Type: LPG, PUB
Warranty:
Warranty Period: 1 Year
Ideal For
Families or individuals who love to cook multiple dishes at once.
In the Box
1 x Elba Gas Hob - 4 Burner
1 x Cast Iron Pan Support
1 x Cast Iron Wok Stand
1 x User Manual
1 x Warranty Card
S$589.00 U.P. S$649.00Out of stock - ELBA GAS HOB-4 BURNER EHS945D1SB-LPG
EHS945D1SB-LPG
90CM, SSProduct Description
Elba's Gas Hob-4 Burner EHS945D1SB-LPG offers efficient cooking with durable stainless steel design. Ideal for kitchen enthusiasts, it features safety controls and easy maintenance.
Key Features
Efficient Cooking: Enjoy faster cooking with four high-performance burners.
Durable Design: Features a stylish stainless steel surface that is easy to clean.
Safety Controls: Equipped with easy-to-use control knobs for precise cooking.
LPG Compatibility: Designed for use with LPG, offering flexibility in fuel source.
Compact Fit: Perfect for any kitchen space with its sleek design.
Easy Maintenance: Includes removable pan support for hassle-free cleaning.
Specifications:
Dimensions:
Width: 860 mm
Depth: 500 mm
Height: 30 mm
Burners:
Number of Burners: 4
Burner Type: Sealed
Material: Steel
Ignition Type: Manual
Power:
Gas Type: LPG
Ideal For
Ideal for home cooks and kitchen enthusiasts looking for a reliable 4-burner gas hob.
In the Box
Gas Hob
User Manual
Warranty Card
S$579.00 U.P. S$629.00Out of stock - ELBA GAS HOB-4 BURNER EHS945D1SB-PUB
EHS945D1SB-PUB
90CM, SSProduct Description
The Elba Gas Hob-4 Burner EHS945D1SB-PUB is a high-quality stainless steel gas hob designed for efficient cooking. It features four gas burners, including a triple ring burner, two semi-rapid burners, and an auxiliary burner, providing a total gas input of 8kW. The hob is equipped with battery ignition and flame failure devices for safety. It also includes enamelled pan supports and a wok stand, making it a versatile addition to any kitchen.
Key Features
Four Gas Burners: Includes a triple ring burner, two semi-rapid burners, and an auxiliary burner for versatile cooking.
Battery Ignition: Easy ignition with a size AA battery for convenience and safety.
Flame Failure Devices: Ensures safety by automatically cutting off the gas supply if the flame is extinguished.
Enamelled Pan Supports: Durable and easy to clean, providing stable support for your cookware.
Enamelled Wok Stand: Specially designed for wok cooking, enhancing your culinary experience.
Total Gas Input: 8kW total gas input for efficient and powerful cooking performance.
Specifications:
Dimensions:
Width: 860 mm
Depth: 500 mm
Height: 30 mm
Burners:
Number of Burners: 4
Burner Type: Sealed
Material: Stainless Steel
Burner Size: Triple ring burner - 3.50kW, Semi rapid burners - 1.75kW, Auxiliary burner - 1.00kW
Ignition Type: Battery ignition (Size AA)
Features:
Pan Support: Enamelled pan supports
Flame Failure Safety Device: Yes
Performance:
Total Heat Output: 8 kW
Materials:
Cooktop Material: Stainless Steel
Power:
Gas Type: PUB (Government Gas)
Warranty:
Warranty Period: 1 Year
Ideal For
This product is ideal for homeowners and cooking enthusiasts who require a reliable and efficient gas hob for their kitchen. It is suitable for those who prefer a built-in appliance with multiple burners for versatile cooking options.
In the Box
1 x Elba Gas Hob-4 Burner EHS945D1SB-PUB
1 x Battery for ignition (Size AA)
1 x Enamelled pan support
1 x Enamelled wok stand
1 x User manual
S$579.00 U.P. S$629.00Out of stock - ELBA GAS HOB-4 BURNER EHS645D1SB-LPG
EHS645D1SB-LPG
60CM, SSProduct Description
The Elba Gas Hob-4 Burner EHS645D1SB-LPG is an ideal solution for home kitchens, offering four efficient burners and a stainless steel finish for durability and easy cleaning. Features include cast iron pan supports, automatic ignition, and a flame failure safety device for optimal safety and convenience.
Key Features
Four burners: Efficient cooking with multiple burners.
Stainless steel finish: Durable and easy to clean.
Cast iron pan supports: Provides stability for pots and pans.
Sealed burners: Prevents mess and makes cleaning easier.
Automatic ignition: Convenient and safe lighting.
Flame failure safety device: Ensures safety by cutting gas supply if the flame extinguishes.
Specifications:
Dimensions:
Width: 580 mm
Depth: 500 mm
Height: 30 mm
Burners:
Number of Burners: 4
Burner Type: Sealed
Material: Cast Iron
Burner Size: Triple Ring Burner: 3.50 kW, Semi-Rapid Burners: 1.75 kW, Auxiliary Burner: 1.00 kW
Ignition Type: Automatic (Battery Ignition, Size AA)
Features:
Pan Support: Enamelled
Flame Failure Safety Device: Yes
Performance:
Total Heat Output: 9.25 kW
Materials:
Cooktop Material: Stainless Steel
Power:
Gas Type: LPG
Warranty:
Warranty Period: 1 Year
Ideal For
Home kitchens, cooking enthusiasts
In the Box
Gas hob
Instruction manual
Warranty card
S$499.00 U.P. S$549.00Out of stock - ELBA GAS HOB-4 BURNER EHS645D1SB-PUB
EHS645D1SB-PUB
60CM, SSProduct Description
The Elba Gas Hob-4 Burner EHS645D1SB-PUB is perfect for home cooks seeking efficiency and style. Featuring four powerful burners, durable stainless steel construction, and essential safety features, it elevates your cooking experience.
Key Features
High Efficiency Burners: Offers excellent cooking performance with four burners of varying sizes.
Durable Construction: Made from stainless steel for longevity and easy maintenance.
Safety Features: Includes flame failure safety device for secure cooking.
Easy Ignition: Features manual ignition for straightforward operation.
Compact Design: Fits seamlessly into modern kitchen spaces without taking up too much room.
Stylish Look: Modern and sleek design enhances kitchen aesthetics.
Specifications:
Dimensions:
Width: 580 mm
Depth: 500 mm
Height: 30 mm
Burners:
Number of Burners: 4
Burner Type: Triple Ring, Semi-Rapid, Auxiliary
Material: Stainless Steel
Burner Size: Triple Ring - 3.50kW, Semi-Rapid - 1.75kW, Auxiliary - 1.00kW
Ignition Type: Manual
Features:
Pan Support: Enamelled
Flame Failure Safety Device: Yes
Performance:
Total Heat Output: 9.25 kW
Materials:
Cooktop Material: Stainless Steel
Power:
Gas Type: LPG
Warranty:
Warranty Period: 1 Year
Ideal For
Home cooks looking for a reliable and versatile cooking solution.
In the Box
Gas hob
Enamelled pan supports
Enamelled wok stand
S$479.00 U.P. S$549.00Out of stock - ELBA GAS HOB-3 BURNER EHS935D1SB-LPG
EHS935D1SB-LPG
90CM, SSProduct Description
The Elba Gas Hob-3 Burner EHS935D1SB-LPG is a high-quality built-in gas hob made in Italy. It features three gas burners, including two triple ring burners with a power of 3.50kW each and one semi-rapid burner with a power of 1.75kW. The hob is equipped with battery ignition, flame failure devices, enamelled pan supports, and an enamelled wok stand. It is designed with a stainless steel finish, offering both durability and a sleek appearance. The total gas input is 8.75kW, making it a powerful and efficient choice for your kitchen.
Key Features
Triple Ring Burners: Features two triple ring burners with a power of 3.50kW each, providing high heat for quick cooking.
Semi-Rapid Burner: Includes one semi-rapid burner with a power of 1.75kW, ideal for simmering and gentle cooking.
Battery Ignition: Equipped with a battery ignition system (Size AA) for easy and safe lighting of the burners.
Flame Failure Devices: Comes with flame failure devices to ensure safety by automatically cutting off the gas supply if the flame goes out.
Enamelled Supports: Features enamelled pan supports and a wok stand for stability and durability during cooking.
Made in Italy: Manufactured in Italy, ensuring high-quality craftsmanship and design.
Specifications:
Dimensions:
Width: 860 mm
Depth: 500 mm
Height: 30 mm
Burners:
Number of Burners: 3
Burner Type: Triple ring and Semi-rapid
Material: Stainless Steel
Burner Size: Triple ring - 3.50kW, Semi-rapid - 1.75kW
Ignition Type: Battery ignition (Size AA)
Features:
Pan Support: Enamelled
Flame Failure Safety Device: Yes
Performance:
Total Heat Output: 8.75 kW
Materials:
Cooktop Material: Stainless Steel
Power:
Gas Type: LPG
Warranty:
Warranty Period: 1 Year
Ideal For
This product is ideal for homeowners looking for a reliable and efficient built-in gas hob with multiple burners for versatile cooking options.
In the Box
1 x Elba Gas Hob - 3 Burner EHS935D1SB-LPG
1 x Enamelled Pan Support
1 x Enamelled Wok Stand
1 x Battery for Ignition
1 x User Manual
S$579.00 U.P. S$629.00Out of stock - ELBA GAS HOB-3 BURNER EHS935D1SB-PUB
EHS935D1SB-PUB
90CM, SSProduct Description
The Elba Gas Hob-3 Burner is ideal for both home cooks and professional chefs, offering high efficiency and precise control for seamless cooking experiences. It features high efficiency burners, a durable cooktop, safe ignition, and a stylish design that complements any kitchen decor.
Key Features
High Efficiency Burners: Delivers superior cooking performance and maximum convenience.
Durable Cooktop: Built with quality materials for long-lasting use.
Safe Ignition: Ensures easy and safe lighting of burners.
Easy-to-Clean Surface: Makes cleaning and maintenance simple and efficient.
Stylish Design: Modern look that complements any kitchen decor.
Precise Control: Allows for accurate and smooth adjustment of flame.
Specifications:
Dimensions:
Width: 860 mm
Depth: 500 mm
Height: 30 mm
Burners:
Number of Burners: 3
Burner Type: High Efficiency
Ignition Type: Battery Ignition (Size AA)
Features:
Pan Support: Enamelled Pan Support
Flame Failure Safety Device: Yes
Power:
Gas Type: PUB (Pipe/Town Gas) and LPG (Cylinder Gas)
Total Gas Input: 8.75 kW
Warranty:
Warranty Period: 1 Year
Ideal For
Home cooks and professional chefs
In the Box
1 x Elba Gas Hob - 3 Burner
1 x User Manual
1 x Warranty Card
S$579.00 U.P. S$629.00Out of stock - ELBA GAS HOB-3 BURNER ELIO75300D1-LPG
ELIO75300D1-LPG
75CM, SSProduct Description
The Elba Gas Hob-3 Burner is designed for efficient cooking with three burners. It is ideal for modern kitchens, providing versatility and convenience.
Key Features
Efficient Cooking: Designed with three burners for versatile and efficient cooking, perfect for modern kitchens.
Gas Type: Compatible with LPG, ensuring reliable and consistent performance.
Safety Features: Equipped with flame failure devices for enhanced safety during use.
Convenient Controls: Easy-to-reach front controls for user-friendly operation.
Durable Support: Cast iron pan supports provide stability and durability for various cookware.
Made in Italy: High-quality craftsmanship and design from Italy.
Specifications:
Dimensions:
Width: 750 mm
Depth: 510 mm
Height: 49 mm
Burners:
Number of Burners: 3
Burner Type: Dual, Triple ring, Semi-Rapid
Material: Cast Iron
Ignition Type: Electric
Features:
Pan Support: Cast Iron
Flame Failure Safety Device: Yes
Control Knobs: Easy to reach front controls
Performance:
Total Heat Output: 9 kW
Materials:
Cooktop Material: Stainless Steel
Power:
Gas Type: LPG
Warranty:
Warranty Period: 1 Year
Ideal For
Home kitchens and small cooking spaces
In the Box
Gas hob
User manual
Installation kit
S$689.00 U.P. S$759.00Out of stock - ELBA GAS HOB-3 BURNER ELIO75300D1-PUB
ELIO75300D1-PUB
75CM, SSProduct Description
The Elba Gas Hob Elio75300d1-Pub is designed for those who need efficiency and style in the kitchen. With three burners and a sleek stainless steel finish, it offers precise heat control and safety features for modern cooking.
Key Features
Triple Burner Design: Enables simultaneous cooking, enhancing efficiency.
High-Quality Materials: Durable and long-lasting stainless steel surface.
Easy to Clean: Smooth surface allows for quick and easy maintenance.
Precision Control: Knobs offer precise adjustments for heat control.
Safety Features: Built-in safety measures to prevent accidental leaks.
Modern Design: Sleek and stylish fit for contemporary kitchens.
Specifications:
Dimensions:
Width: 750 mm
Depth: 510 mm
Height: 49 mm
Burners:
Number of Burners: 3
Burner Type: Dual, Triple ring, Semi-Rapid
Ignition Type: Automatic
Features:
Pan Support: Cast Iron
Flame Failure Safety Device: Yes
Control Knobs: Rotary
Performance:
Total Heat Output: 9 kW
Materials:
Cooktop Material: Stainless Steel
Power:
Gas Type: LPG, PUB
Warranty:
Warranty Period: 1 Year
Ideal For
People looking for a high-performance gas hob with three burners for efficient cooking.
In the Box
Gas hob
User manual
Installation kit
S$689.00 U.P. S$759.00Out of stock
6 Must-Have Large Kitchen Appliances for First Home Owners
Washing Machine
A laundry washing machine is an indispensable appliance for any modern home. Effortlessly clean clothes and linens while saving time and effort when you choose from our variety of models, such as front-load and top-load washers, across capacities, wash cycles, and energy-saving features.
Clothes Dryer
Ensure your clothes are ready to wear in no time with a clothes dryer machine. With a stacked washing machine and dryer, you can complete your laundry system at home while saving space and optimising your cleaning routine.
Dishwasher
Save time and water with a dishwasher. These convenient kitchen appliances effectively clean dishes and cutlery, freeing you from handwashing. Choose a compact dishwasher for smaller apartments or a full-sized model for larger homes in Singapore.
Refrigerator
Essential for keeping food fresh and organised, a refrigerator is a cornerstone of any kitchen. Choose from various styles, including top-freezer, bottom-freezer, side-by-side, and French door refrigerators, to suit your preferences and kitchen layout.
Freezer
Preserve food for longer periods with a freezer. With chest, upright, and drawer options, there's an appliance to suit your storage needs and kitchen space.
Oven
Ovens open up a world of culinary possibilities, so you can bake, roast, and grill delicious meals in one appliance. Consider a built-in steam oven for a seamless fit in your kitchen.
Why Buy at Gain City’s Large Kitchen Appliances Store?
Gain City is your reliable large kitchen appliances store in Singapore, offering everything from chest freezers to cooking hobs. Here's what you stand to enjoy when you buy from us:
- Competitive pricing: We strive to offer competitive prices on all our large kitchen appliances, sourced from leading brands like Samsung, Electrolux, Midea, and Panasonic, making it easier to find the perfect fit for your budget.
- Fast delivery: Enjoy your new kitchen appliances without delay with our prompt and reliable delivery services in Singapore.
- Warranties: All our kitchen appliances in Singapore come with manufacturer warranties, providing peace of mind with your purchase.
Frequently Asked Questions About Our Large Kitchen Appliances
How do I choose the right appliance for my kitchen space?
Consider your routines, cooking habits, and the available space in your kitchen to choose an appliance that aligns with your lifestyle and needs. Ensure that the appliance fits comfortably in your available space by measuring its dimensions carefully.
What is the warranty period for your large kitchen appliances?
Most of our large kitchen appliances come with a one- to two-year warranty, depending on the product. For added peace of mind, you can also purchase an extended warranty for protection coverage of up to five years.
What financing or payment options are available for large appliances?
We offer 0% instalment payment plans with POSB, DBS, Maybank, OCBC, HSBC, and American Express to make your purchase more manageable. Instalment durations vary by bank.
How do I maintain and clean my large kitchen appliances for optimal performance?
Regularly clean your large kitchen appliances per manufacturer guidelines to maintain performance and longevity. Wipe surfaces, clean spills promptly, and use specialised cleaners as needed for specific appliances.